Fluorescence Microscopy

Fluorescence microscopy can be applied to a wide range of applications. Generally, a light source is used to excite fluorescence markers, which in turn emit light with a larger wavelength, from which one can understand new information about the process. We utilize fluorescence microscopy to measure quantities such as ion concentrations and pH as a function of time and location. As our systems involve applied electric fields, we use neutrally charged fluorescence markers, such as 6-methoxy-N-(3sulfopropyl)quinolinium (SPQ) and 10-(3-sulfopropyl)acridinium betaine (SAB).

Further reading:

• Demonstration of neutrally charged fluorescence markers: Shkolnikov and Santiago, Lab Chip, 2013, link: https://doi.org/10.1039/c3lc41293h
• Measurements of salt concentration in a flow channel of an electrosorption cell: Suss et al., Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014, link: https://doi.org/10.1021/es403682n