Michal Birkenfeld

Senior Academic

The Eco-Landscape Archaeology Lab (ELAL)

The Eco-Landscape Archaeology Lab investigates the deep history of human–environment relationships, examining how prehistoric societies exploited, utilised, and transformed their landscapes, and how environmental conditions shaped cultural, social, and economic life. Our research focuses primarily on the Early Holocene, a period of profound social, economic, and cultural transformation that saw the emergence of new subsistence strategies, settlement patterns, and ways of engaging with the land. We approach these questions through an interdisciplinary lens, combining archaeological fieldwork, material culture analysis, and spatial analysis. Advanced digital technologies, including remote sensing, GIS, drone-based survey, and three-dimensional modelling, are integral to how we read landscapes at multiple scales, from the micro-context of a single site to the broader regional systems within which prehistoric communities operated. Across our projects, we ask how prehistoric communities adapted to environmental variability and constraint, how their actions reshaped the landscapes they inhabited, and what these long-term trajectories can teach us about human resilience in the face of changing climates.

Our Research Units

BGU Digital Archaeology Research Centre (BGU_DARC)

Specialising in drone-based LiDAR, thermal imagery, photogrammetry, GIS, and remote sensing applied to archaeological landscapes.

BGU-DARC Lab

Into the Desert Research Group

Into the Desert Research Group investigates Early Holocene communities in the arid Negev Desert. It explores how people adapted to extreme environmental constraints, organised settlement and mobility, and transformed these desert landscapes over time. We study how Neolithisation processes manifested in these desert environments, searching for the local narrative of the transition to agriculture.

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