Name: Shubham Babbar Degree: Ph.D. Advisor name: Prof. Gil Shalev

Sensing of biological interactions with transistor-based biosensor Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technologies play a critical role in enabling rapid clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes. Despite this potential, their widespread implementation remains limited by the absence of platforms that simultaneously offer miniaturization, high accuracy, multiplexed detection from ultra-small sample volumes, and cost-effective operation. Transistor-based biosensors present a compelling candidate for POC applications, owing to their inherent scalability, robustness, sensitivity, and ultimate potential for sensing of multiple targets in ultra small samples. However, field-effect transduction of biomolecular events remains an unresolved challenge due to the inherent localization and non-uniform distribution of such nano-scaled biomolecular events, as well as operation in solution environments. We developed the Meta-Nano-Channel biological field-effect transistor (MNC bioFET) addressing the challenges of localized and solution gating. The MNC architecture enables the formation of multiple conducting nano-channels scanning for molecular events while maintaining the solution and molecular species in electrochemical equilibrium. Here, we demonstrate the MNC bioFET for specific, label-free, quantitative, and real-time detection of C-reactive protein (CRP)—a key biomarker of inflammation and tissue damage—directly in 0.5 μL unprocessed blood and sweat samples.