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Europhys. Lett., 57 (6) , pp. 892-897 (2002)

Spontaneous magnetization and Hall effect in superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry

B. Horovitz and A. Golub

Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev - Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel

(Received 16 July 2001; accepted in final form 19 December 2001)

Abstract
Broken time reversal symmetry (BTRS) in d-wave superconductors is studied and is shown to yield current-carrying surface states. The corresponding spontaneous magnetization $\Phi$ is temperature independent near the critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$ for weak BTRS, in accord with recent data. For strong BTRS and thin films we expect a temperature-dependent $\Phi$ with a paramagnetic anomaly near $T_{\rm c}$ . The Hall conductance is found to vanish at zero wave vector q and finite frequency $\omega$ , however at finite q, $\omega$ it has an unusual structure.